Planar 3D Technology

Stereoscopic

  • Overview
    • Caters to our binocular vision by presenting a left eye image that is segregated from the right eye image using an optical, physical or temporal modulation (or some combination)
    • The 3D image does not change with the viewer’s position relative to the display (for a given image)
  • Anaglyph
    • Stereo paired images are colored with red/blue or red/green tint for the left eye/right eye image
    • Stereo separation is perceived when viewed with the glasses incorporating eyepieces with the same tint
    • Not employed widely for professional use
  • CRT Based
    • Frame sequential stereo (2x the typical refresh rate):
    • LC Shutter Glasses with synchronization to the CRT
    • LC Shutter switches polarization of the CRT output to circularly polarized glasses
    • Response time limitations have prevented using AMLCD monitors to date
  • HMD
    • Stereoscopic 3D HMDs make use of a pair of miniature displays mounted near-to-eye and segregated to present respective left eye/right eye images
    • Display technologies: AMOLED, AMLCD, AMEL
  • Autostereo
    • Lenticular/Parallax
      • Image processing can be used to create additional “views” or domains that increase the viewing angle
      • Uses AMLCDs with an added optical element to create a dual view (left eye/right eye) presentation of the image on the screen
      • A optimum viewing space is created
    • Other
  • Optically Fused
  • Dual Panel
    • A pair of laminated AMLCDs is used
    • One panel controls pixel intensity, the other polarization distribution
    • Custom algorithm used for driving the two panels
  • Projection
    • Single projector
      • Projection at 2x typical refresh rate
      • Passive polarizing glasses provide stereo contrast with a fast-switching shutter on the output of the projector
      • Requires a non-polarizing screen (typically silvered)
      • No alignment issues
    • Dual projector
      • Projection at standard refresh rate through crossed polarizers
      • Passive polarizing glasses provide stereo contrast
      • Requires a non-polarizing screen (typically silvered)
      • Alignment can be an issue
      • Same technique used in film-based 3D cinema
      • Projector alignment can be an issue

Volumetric

  • Overview
    • Provides real depth cues due to presentation (usually projection) of the image onto a 3D surface
    • The 3D image changes with the viewer’s position relative to the display
    • Volumetric displays are extremely expensive
    • The image they show is not solid; you can see through lines and surfaces that are supposed to be opaque
    • Volumetric displays require a great deal of processing to show one frame
  • Swept Volume
    • Provides 360° viewing angle without glasses, allows multiple simultaneous viewers
  • Holographic
    • Autostereo 3D display using a holographic screen and multiple image sources and to produce unique viewer-dependent images
  • Laser
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